The American flag, often called the "Stars and Stripes," "Old Glory," or "the Star-Spangled Banner," is a powerful symbol of the United States representing its history, ideals, and patriotism. It consists of 13 horizontal stripes and 50 stars, each element rich in symbolism.

Design and Symbolism

• Stripes : Thirteen red and white stripes symbolize the original 13 colonies that declared independence from Britain.
• Stars : Fifty white stars on a blue canton represent the 50 states in the Union.
• Colors : The colors red, white, and blue stand for valor and bravery, purity and innocence, and vigilance, perseverance, and justice, respectively.

History

• The first official flag was adopted on June 14, 1777, with 13 stripes and 13 stars, representing the colonies and the new constellation of states.
• The arrangement of stars has been updated as new states joined, with the latest change in 1960 after Hawaii's admission.

• Variations of early flags included different star arrangements, such as the Betsy Ross version with a circle of stars.

Cultural Significance

The flag is a symbol of freedom, patriotism, and national identity, prominently displayed on holidays like Independence Day and Flag Day. It is also protected and respected by customs such as flying at half-staff for solemn occasions.

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