An OSHA inspection follows a standard process consisting of three main phases:
- Opening Conference
During this phase, the OSHA compliance officer presents their credentials and explains the reason for the inspection, the scope of the inspection, and the procedures to be followed. The officer meets with the employer's representative and often employee representatives to discuss what will happen during the inspection and to clarify any questions. This phase sets the tone and ensures everyone understands the purpose and extent of the inspection
- Walkaround Inspection
The compliance officer tours the workplace to identify potential hazards and assess compliance with OSHA standards. The walkaround is usually accompanied by employer and employee representatives. The officer may observe working conditions, take photographs or samples, and conduct private interviews with employees to gather information about workplace safety and health conditions. This phase is the core of the inspection and involves a thorough examination of the worksite
- Closing Conference
At the conclusion of the inspection, the officer holds a closing conference with the employer and employee representatives. During this meeting, the officer discusses the findings, including any violations observed, and provides recommendations for corrective actions. The employer is informed about their rights and responsibilities, including the timeline for addressing any violations and the possibility of contesting citations
These three phases ensure that OSHA inspections are systematic, transparent, and focused on improving workplace safety and health.
