Ava's maximum heart rate based on her age of 40 years can be estimated using several formulas commonly used to predict maximum heart rate. The most traditional and widely known formula is: Maximum Heart Rate = 220 - Age Using this formula: Maximum Heart Rate = 220 - 40 = 180 beats per minute (bpm) There are other formulas that offer slightly different estimates, but the 220 minus age formula is the most straightforward and commonly referenced, giving Ava a maximum heart rate around 180 bpm.