Signs of a damaged skin barrier include:

• Acne
• Dry, scaly, and/or flaky skin
• Infection
• Inflammation and irritation
• Itchiness
• Rough patches

A healthy skin barrier is essential for overall health and helps protect the skin from environmental stressors. The skin barrier is made up of dead cells, lipids, proteins, and fats that help protect the skin from the environment. The skin barrier is part of the stratum corneum, the top layer of skin, and is often likened to a brick wall. Corneocytes are the tough skin cells that make up the "bricks" of the skin barrier, while lipids are natural fats in the skin that fill in the gaps between corneocytes.

Ingredients to look for in skincare products that can help repair a damaged skin barrier include ceramides, hyaluronic acid, glycerin, and petrolatum. Harsh or irritating ingredients, such as alcohol, fragrances, and strong acids like glycolic acid and salicylic acid, can disrupt the skin barrier and cause further damage.

Common causes of a damaged skin barrier include lifestyle factors like smoking, lack of sleep, stress, nutrient-light diet, pollution, wind, UV radiation, and frequent exposure to water. Skin care products can also be a common culprit, and harsh skin care routines can contribute to a damaged skin barrier.

To repair a damaged skin barrier, its important to eliminate or manage the factors that are directly contributing to the damage. Using barrier-supporting skin care and avoiding irritants can also help. Topical ingredients that can help repair a damaged skin barrier include ceramides, niacinamide, glycerin, vitamins, and squalane.