“Co-scientist” usually refers to Google’s newly announced AI “AI co- scientist,” a multi‑agent research assistant built on Gemini 2.0 that helps human scientists generate and refine novel research hypotheses and experimental plans, especially in fields like biomedicine. It is designed as a collaborator rather than a replacement, taking a natural‑language research goal, surveying relevant literature, proposing testable ideas, and iteratively improving them using multiple specialized AI “agents” for tasks like hypothesis generation, critique, ranking, and evolution.