A damaged skin barrier can cause a variety of symptoms, including dry, scaly, and flaky skin, inflammation and irritation, itchiness, rough patches, and acne. Other signs of a damaged skin barrier include sensitive or inflamed areas, bacterial, viral, or fungal skin infections, hyperpigmentation, and delayed wound healing. The following factors can damage the skin barrier:

• Using harsh chemicals or soaps
• Over-exfoliating or scrubbing your skin
• Not using a moisturizer
• Smoking, lack of sleep, stress, nutrient-light diet, pollution, wind, UV radiation, frequent handwashing, use of cleansers that strip the skin barrier of its natural oils, and overuse of exfoliating acids
• Genetic skin conditions that increase inflammation, like eczema, rosacea, and psoriasis

To repair a damaged skin barrier, it is important to use products that are gentle and do not contain harsh or irritating ingredients. Moisturizers with hyaluronic acid, glycerin, or ceramides can help repair the skin barrier. It is also important to simplify your skincare routine and avoid over-exfoliating or scrubbing your skin. If your skin barrier has been compromised for more than a few days to a week, it is recommended to visit a dermatologist.