Homeostasis is a self-regulating process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to conditions optimal for survival. It involves maintaining steady internal physical and chemical conditions, such as body temperature, pH, and electrolyte balance, within a narrow range despite external changes. This dynamic equilibrium allows organisms to function properly and survive by using feedback mechanisms, primarily negative feedback, to correct deviations from set points. For example, human body temperature is regulated around 37 °C by the hypothalamus, which adjusts bodily functions like breathing rate and blood flow to keep temperature stable. Homeostasis relies on sensors to detect changes, control centers to process information, and effectors to enact corrective responses, often involving multiple organ systems working together.