Garlic should be planted fairly shallow, with depth depending on soil type and climate. A practical rule of thumb is 1 to 2 inches deep in heavier soils and 2 to 3 inches deep in well-drained soils, ensuring the clove is mostly covered by soil while the top of the clove is near or just below the surface. This depth gives winter protection in cold areas while reducing rotting risk in poorly drained soils. Mulching after planting helps winter insulation and moisture retention. Key factors to consider

• Soil type:
  • Clay or heavy soils: aim for closer to 1–2 inches to avoid winter rot and poor emergence.
  • Sandy or well-drained soils: 2–3 inches can be appropriate to protect cloves through winter.
• Climate:
  • Colder regions: a bit deeper planting (toward 2 inches) can help protect cloves.
  • Warmer regions: shallower planting (around 1–2 inches) is often sufficient.
• Mulch: apply 2–4 inches of organic mulch after planting to insulate and regulate moisture, especially in colder regions.
• Spacing and orientation: plant individual cloves with the pointed end up, about 4–6 inches apart in rows, which supports bulb development without crowding.

If you share your soil type (clay, loam, sand) and your climate zone, can tailor a tighter recommendation.