Pineapples grow from a tropical plant that is part of the bromeliad family. The plant grows close to the ground, typically about one meter high, with a crown of long, straight leaves emerging from a central point. Pineapples do not grow on trees or underground; instead, the fruit develops on the plant's central stalk
. Here is how pineapples grow in detail:
- The plant starts from a pineapple itself, specifically from the leafy top or crown, since pineapples rarely have viable seeds for propagation
- The plant sends up a flower stalk from the center, which looks like a small pineapple with a tuft of leaves on top. Tiny purple flowers emerge from this stalk
- Over several months, these flowers drop off, and the stalk swells and matures into a green pineapple fruit, which eventually ripens to yellow or orange
- Only one pineapple fruit grows per plant at a time, but the plant can produce new shoots called slips or suckers that can root and grow into new plants, allowing continued fruit production from the same root system
- Pineapples can be propagated by planting the crown (top) of a fruit, slips, or suckers. The crown is cut from the fruit, allowed to dry, and then planted in soil or water to root before being planted in soil
- Growing pineapples takes patience: from planting a crown, it can take 15 months to over 2 years to produce fruit, depending on climate and method of propagation
- Pineapple plants use a special photosynthesis method called CAM, which helps them conserve water, making them well-suited to tropical and subtropical climates
In summary, pineapples grow from a ground-level plant that produces a single fruit on a central stalk after flowering. New plants grow from side shoots or the crown of the fruit, and the entire process from planting to harvest can take over a year