A scrum in rugby is a method of restarting play after a minor infringement such as a forward pass, knock-on, or the ball becoming unplayable in a ruck or maul. It involves eight players from each team (called the forwards or forward pack) binding together in three rows and interlocking with the opposing team's front row to form a tightly packed formation

. How a Scrum Works:

• The referee coordinates the scrum with commands like "crouch, bind, set" to ensure safe engagement of the two packs

• The scrum-half from the team awarded the scrum throws the ball into the tunnel formed between the two front rows' legs

• Both teams' hookers attempt to hook the ball backwards with their feet to gain possession for their side

• The forwards push against each other, trying to drive the opposition backward while maintaining control of the ball

• Once the ball reaches the hindmost foot of the scrum, the scrum-half retrieves it and passes it to the fly-half or backline to resume open play

Key Roles and Techniques:

• The scrum-half is crucial, responsible for feeding the ball accurately and quickly, then distributing it after possession is won

• The hooker must skillfully "hook" the ball with their feet to win possession

• The entire forward pack must bind tightly and push in unison to drive the scrum forward and gain ground

Purpose and Tactical Importance:

• The scrum restarts play fairly after minor rule infringements.
• It concentrates the forwards and scrum-halves, creating a platform for the backs to launch attacks

• A strong scrum can dominate possession and territory, influencing the game's momentum

In summary, a rugby scrum is a highly coordinated, physical contest involving eight forwards from each team binding together, competing to hook and drive the ball backward after it is fed into the scrum by the scrum-half. The team that wins the ball can then quickly transition to open play