A wind turbine generates electricity by converting the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy through the following process:

• Wind flows over the turbine blades, which are shaped like airplane wings. This creates lift and drag forces, causing the blades to spin

• The blades are connected to a rotor that turns a low-speed shaft inside the turbine's nacelle (the housing on top of the tower)

• The low-speed shaft spins at a relatively slow rate (about 7 to 12 revolutions per minute). To generate electricity efficiently, this rotational speed is increased by a gearbox that drives a high-speed shaft spinning up to around 1500 revolutions per minute

• The high-speed shaft is connected to an electric generator. As the shaft spins, the generator converts the mechanical rotational energy into electrical energy by spinning magnets around coils of wire, inducing an electric current

• The electricity produced is then transmitted down the tower through cables to a transformer, which increases the voltage for efficient transmission to the power grid

• Control systems adjust the turbine's blade angles and orientation to optimize energy capture and protect the turbine during very strong winds

In summary, wind turbines harness wind energy to spin blades, which turn a shaft connected to a generator, producing electricity that is fed into the electrical grid for use in homes, industries, and other applications