The legislative branch checks the judicial branch in several key ways as part of the U.S. system of checks and balances:

• Senate Confirmation of Judges: The President nominates federal judges, including Supreme Court justices, but the Senate must confirm these appointments. This gives the legislative branch significant influence over the composition of the judiciary

• Impeachment and Removal: Congress has the power to impeach and remove federal judges for "high crimes and misdemeanors," providing a direct check on judicial conduct and accountability

• Control over Court Structure and Jurisdiction: Congress can determine the size of the Supreme Court, establish lower federal courts, and define their jurisdiction through legislation. This allows Congress to shape how the judicial branch operates

• Budgetary Oversight: Congress controls the funding for the federal judiciary, including the Supreme Court and lower courts, which can influence the judiciary's functioning

These powers ensure that while the judicial branch interprets laws, the legislative branch can influence the judiciary's makeup, authority, and accountability, maintaining a balance of power between the branches