Tomato plants should generally be spaced about 18 to 24 inches apart to allow for healthy growth, good airflow, and adequate sunlight exposure. Rows of tomato plants are typically spaced about 36 inches apart to facilitate air circulation and ease of harvesting

. The exact spacing depends on the type and size of the tomato variety:

• Determinate varieties (bush types like Roma) are usually spaced 18 to 24 inches apart because they grow more compactly and produce fruit in a shorter period

• Indeterminate varieties (vining types like heirloom or beefsteak tomatoes) may require 18 to 36 inches or even up to 48 inches apart, as they grow larger and continue producing fruit throughout the season

• Compact or dwarf varieties can be planted closer, around 12 to 18 inches apart

• For very large varieties like beefsteak tomatoes, spacing of 36 to 48 inches is recommended to ensure enough room for growth and airflow

Using cages or stakes can allow plants to be spaced a bit closer, typically 12 to 18 inches apart, since vertical support reduces the risk of overcrowding

. Proper spacing is crucial to:

• Prevent disease by improving airflow and reducing moisture buildup on leaves
• Ensure sufficient sunlight reaches all plants
• Allow roots to spread and access nutrients and water efficiently
• Make harvesting easier without damaging neighboring plants

In summary, a good rule of thumb is to plant tomato plants at least 18 to 24 inches apart, with rows about 36 inches apart, adjusting based on the variety and support method used. Compact varieties can be closer, while large indeterminate types need more space to thrive