Tomato plants should generally be spaced to allow for adequate airflow, sunlight, and room for growth to prevent disease and maximize yield. The recommended spacing varies somewhat depending on the tomato variety and planting method:

• For most tomato plants, spacing them 18 to 24 inches (1.5 to 2 feet) apart within rows is a common guideline, especially for determinate (bush) varieties

• Rows should be spaced about 2 to 3 feet apart to allow for access and air circulation

• Indeterminate (vining) tomatoes, which grow larger and produce fruit over a longer period, may benefit from spacing closer to 2 to 3 feet apart , or even up to 3 to 4 feet apart if space allows, to accommodate their size and support structures like stakes or cages

• Smaller tomato varieties, such as cherry or grape tomatoes, can be planted closer together, around 12 to 18 inches apart

• When staking tomatoes, spacing of at least 18 to 24 inches apart is recommended to allow room for staking and maintenance

In summary, a good rule of thumb is to plant tomatoes about 18 to 24 inches apart within rows, with rows spaced 2 to 3 feet apart. Larger indeterminate varieties may need more space, up to 3 to 4 feet between plants. This spacing promotes healthy growth by improving airflow, reducing disease risk, and allowing plants to access sufficient nutrients and sunlight