The Roman Republic lasted from 509 BCE, when the Romans overthrew their monarchy, until 27 BCE, when the Roman Empire was established under Augustus (Octavian). This gives the Republic a duration of approximately 482 years

. Key points about this period include:

• The Republic began with the overthrow of the last Roman king, Tarquin the Proud, in 509 BCE

• It was characterized by a government led by elected magistrates, notably two consuls elected annually, and a Senate

• The Republic expanded Rome’s control from the city itself to dominance over the entire Mediterranean region

• Internal conflicts, social tensions, and civil wars marked much of the Republic’s history, culminating in the rise of Julius Caesar and the subsequent transition to imperial rule under Augustus in 27 BCE

Thus, the Roman Republic lasted nearly five centuries before transitioning into the Roman Empire.