Conception, the fertilization of an egg by sperm, can occur as quickly as 30 minutes after ejaculation or take up to several days, depending on timing relative to ovulation.

Fertilization Process

Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to 5 days, allowing fertilization even if intercourse happens days before ovulation. The egg remains viable for only 12-24 hours after ovulation, so sperm must reach and penetrate it within that window. Fertilization typically takes place in the fallopian tube.

Timeline to Pregnancy Confirmation

After fertilization, the embryo travels to the uterus and implants 6-10 days later, triggering hCG production detectable around 11 days post-conception. In a standard 28-day cycle, conception often happens 11-21 days after the last period. Ovulation predictor kits help pinpoint this fertile window for better timing.