The number of coats of primer you need depends on the surface condition, the color you are painting over, and the type of surface:

• One coat of primer is usually enough when:
  • Painting over a similar or light color on a smooth, undamaged surface.
  • Using a tinted primer.
  • Painting over white or very light paint.
  • The surface is in good condition and not porous

• Two coats of primer are recommended when:
  • Painting over bare drywall, unfinished wood, or porous surfaces.
  • Covering dark or bright colors with lighter paint.
  • Painting over surfaces in poor condition or with stains.
  • Preparing surfaces like new drywall or wood to ensure even paint absorption.
  • Painting over wallpaper or poor condition metal

• Three coats of primer are rarely necessary but may be needed if:
  • The second coat does not provide enough coverage.
  • The surface is very uneven or has large stains.
  • Extra blocking of stains or moisture is required

In general, most painting projects require two coats of primer to ensure good adhesion and coverage, especially when changing colors or painting porous or unfinished surfaces. One coat suffices for repainting similar colors or light colors on good surfaces

. Avoid applying more than three coats to prevent a thick undercoat that may not dry properly

. Thus, assess your surface and paint colors to decide between one or two coats, with three coats only for challenging situations.