There were generally considered to be nine main Crusades to the Holy Land, occurring between 1095 and 1291. These are the most commonly referenced Crusades and include:

• First Crusade (1096–1099)
• Second Crusade (1147–1149)
• Third Crusade (1189–1192)
• Fourth Crusade (1202–1204)
• Fifth Crusade (1217–1221)
• Sixth Crusade (1228–1229)
• Seventh Crusade (1248–1254)
• Eighth Crusade (1270)
• Ninth Crusade (around 1303)

Historians sometimes disagree on the exact number and classification, with some counting eight major Crusades and others including smaller campaigns or crusades against Christian sects in Europe. The numbering after the Fifth Crusade can be inconsistent because some crusades overlap or are considered part of others. However, the first four Crusades are the most clearly defined and widely accepted