Before World War II, the Jewish population in Germany was approximately 500,000 to 525,000 people. This represented less than 1% of the total German population, which was around 67 million at the time. Most German Jews were well integrated into society, with about 80% holding German citizenship, and they lived predominantly in urban areas, especially in cities like Berlin, Frankfurt, and Hamburg. Many had assimilated culturally and socially, with diverse backgrounds and professions, although discrimination was present even before the Nazi regime fully implemented its antisemitic policies.