There are eight traditional parts of speech in English. These are the basic categories that describe the function of words in sentences:

1. Noun – Names a person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., cat, city, happiness).
2. Pronoun – Replaces a noun (e.g., he, she, it, they).
3. Verb – Expresses action or state of being (e.g., run, is, seem).
4. Adjective – Describes or modifies a noun or pronoun (e.g., blue, tall, happy).
5. Adverb – Modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb (e.g., quickly, very, well).
6. Preposition – Shows relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and other words (e.g., in, on, at, by).
7. Conjunction – Connects words, phrases, or clauses (e.g., and, but, or).
8. Interjection – Expresses emotion or exclamation (e.g., wow!, oh!, ouch!).

If you want, I can explain each part of speech in more detail or provide examples!