An H-1B visa is typically granted initially for three years and can be extended once for an additional three years, totaling a maximum of six years. The renewal or extension can be applied for up to six months before the current H-1B status expires. Beyond the six-year limit, extensions are possible in one-year increments if the individual is in the process of obtaining a green card, has an approved I-140 petition, or has a pending labor certification for more than 365 days. Also, time spent outside the U.S. during the visa validity can be recaptured and added to the maximum stay period. In summary, an H-1B visa usually needs to be renewed every three years, with a potential extension for another three years, and possible further one-year renewals under specific circumstances related to permanent residency progress.