To become an accountant, you generally follow these key steps:
- Educational Foundation
- Obtain a minimum of GCSEs (or equivalent) including English and maths, usually grades 4/C or above
* Pursue further education such as A levels or equivalent qualifications, which are often required for university entry or apprenticeships
* Most accountants earn a bachelor's degree, ideally in accounting, finance, business administration, or a related field. This typically takes about four years and provides foundational knowledge in accounting principles, tax law, auditing, and finance
* Some pursue a master's degree in accounting or taxation to enhance expertise and job prospects
- Professional Qualifications
- After or alongside your degree, obtain professional accounting qualifications such as ACCA (Association of Chartered Certified Accountants), ACA (Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales), or CIMA (Chartered Institute of Management Accountants)
* These qualifications involve passing exams and completing practical work experience (usually 3 years for ACCA, 450 days for ACA)
* Completing ethics and professional skills modules is also required
- Work Experience
- Gain relevant accounting work experience, often through internships, apprenticeships, or entry-level roles such as accounting assistant or technician
* For CPA licensure in the US, typically 1-2 years of supervised professional experience is required
- Licensing and Certification (for CPA in the US)
- Pass the Uniform CPA Examination
* Meet state-specific requirements and apply for licensure
* Maintain licensure through continuing professional education
- Alternative Routes
- Apprenticeships offer a work-based route to qualification, allowing you to earn while you learn and often qualify faster than the traditional degree route
* It is possible to start in junior roles and work towards professional qualifications alongside employment
In summary, becoming an accountant involves a combination of formal education, professional qualifications, and practical experience. You can choose academic routes (degree plus qualifications), vocational routes (apprenticeships), or work-based routes depending on your circumstances and preferences
