To clean a tent effectively:

1. Gather supplies: Use cold to lukewarm water, mild fragrance-free dish soap or a cleaner designed for outdoor gear, a nonabrasive sponge or cloth, and a large tub or bathtub.
2. Prepare the tent: Shake out or brush off dirt, sand, and debris. Set up the tent or turn it inside out.
3. Spot clean: Use a sponge or cloth with mild soap to clean particularly dirty spots.
4. Soak the tent: Immerse the tent (and rainfly) in the tub filled with water and the proper cleaner. Agitate gently and let it soak as directed (usually about 20 minutes).
5. Rinse thoroughly: Drain the tub, refill with clean water, and rinse the tent multiple times until all soap residue is gone.
6. Dry completely: Hang the tent or lay it on a drying rack in a shaded area with good air circulation. Avoid hanging by corners or using clothes pins that can damage fabric. Ensure it is bone dry before storage.

Additional tips:

• For mildew or mold, use an enzyme cleaner and follow instructions carefully.
• Remove pine sap with mineral oil or alcohol-based products, then rinse well.
• Clean zippers with a toothbrush and water to remove dirt.
• Wipe down poles to remove dirt or salt.
• Consider reapplying a waterproof coating if the tent isn't as water-resistant.

Avoid washing tents in machines or using harsh detergents, and never put the tent in a dryer, as these can damage the fabric and waterproof coatings.