To clean a sofa at home effectively, start by identifying the fabric type and cleaning code (W, S, WS, or X) on the sofa's care label to determine the appropriate cleaning method. Begin cleaning by vacuuming thoroughly using the upholstery attachment to remove loose dirt and debris. Pre-treat any stains using appropriate cleaners—water-based cleaners for W fabrics, solvent-based for S fabrics, or both for WS fabrics. For stain removal, blot food and drink spills, use baking soda for grease stains, and rubbing alcohol for ink. For a deeper clean, consider steam cleaning if the fabric tolerates moisture or use a fabric upholstery cleaner. After cleaning, allow the sofa to air dry completely to prevent mold.

A natural cleaning method involves brushing off dirt, then mixing mild detergent, white vinegar, baking soda, and warm water to clean gently. Always test cleaning solutions on a hidden area first to avoid damage.

Here is a step-by-step guideline:

• Vacuum sofa to remove dust and debris.
• Brush fabric gently.
• Spot treat stains: blot spills, absorb grease with baking soda, remove ink with rubbing alcohol.
• Deep clean by steam cleaning or using an upholstery cleaner.
• Air dry the sofa thoroughly.

Additionally, some use homemade sprays with ingredients like baking soda and vinegar for deodorizing and refreshing upholstery.