To clean vomit from carpet effectively, the most important steps are to act quickly to prevent stains and odors, and to use a combination of scraping, blotting, and appropriate cleaning solutions. Here is a step-by-step method:

• Put on disposable gloves to protect your hands.
• Scrape up as much vomit as possible with a blunt tool like a dustpan or spoon.
• Blot the remaining moisture gently with paper towels or cloth to absorb it without rubbing.
• Sprinkle baking soda over the area and let it sit for about 15 minutes to absorb moisture and odors.
• Vacuum up the baking soda thoroughly.
• Prepare a cleaning solution such as a 50/50 mix of white vinegar and water, or a mixture of dish soap and water.
• Apply the cleaning solution to the stain and blot gently—avoid rubbing to prevent spreading.
• Repeat blotting with the solution until the stain fades.
• Let the carpet air dry or cover with baking soda or cornstarch to neutralize any remaining odors, then vacuum again.

For tougher stains, a paste of baking soda and water can be used, or commercial carpet cleaners designed for stains and odors. Steam cleaning can also be an option for stubborn stains and odors. This approach neutralizes the acidic components of vomit, removes stains, and deodorizes the carpet while preventing bacterial growth and fiber damage.