Deep cleaning a couch involves removing dirt, stains, and odors without damaging the fabric. Here’s a practical, step-by-step approach you can follow at home. Initial assessment and prep

• Check the fabric care code. Look for tags on the cushions or underside of the couch. Codes usually indicate what cleaners are safe: W (water-based cleaners), S (solvent-based cleaners), WS (both), or X (vacuum only). If you’re unsure, test a small hidden area first.
• Gather supplies: a vacuum with an upholstery attachment, clean microfiber cloths, a spray bottle, a mild cleaning solution appropriate for your fabric (see below), a soft-bristled brush, a stain remover compatible with your fabric, baking soda for odors, and a fan or dehumidifier to dry quickly.

Vacuum thoroughly

• Remove cushions and vacuum all surfaces, including seams, creases, under cushions, arms, and backrests.
• Use the upholstery attachment and a brush to lift dirt and pet hair. A lint roller can help with stubborn hair.

Spot cleaning and stain treatment

• For fabric upholstery:
  • Mix a mild cleaning solution in the spray bottle (for example, a small amount of dish soap in warm water). Lightly mist a hidden area first to ensure colorfastness.
  • Lightly spray and blot stains with a clean microfiber cloth. Avoid scrubbing hard, which can damage fibers.
  • If a commercial fabric cleaner is recommended by the tag, follow the product’s instructions.
• For leather or faux leather:
  • Wipe with a damp microfiber cloth and a mild soap solution; dry, then apply a conditioner designed for leather to prevent cracking.

Deeper cleaning (where safe)

• If the fabric code allows water-based cleaning (W or WS) and the couch is not heavily soiled, you can use a spray-and-dab method with a small amount of cleaning solution. After cleaning, blot excess moisture with dry towels and allow to air dry, preferably with good ventilation or a fan.
• For deeper extraction, you may use a portable upholstery or carpet extractor that’s approved for your fabric type. Use the cleaner’s recommended formula and follow the device instructions. Ensure the fabric is compatible with water-based extraction if you choose this route.

Odor control

• Sprinkle baking soda lightly over the fabric, wait 15–30 minutes to absorb odors, then vacuum thoroughly. This is especially helpful for couches that have absorbed pet or smoke odors.

Drying and final touches

• Allow the couch to dry completely before reassembling cushions. Use a fan or a dehumidifier to speed up drying if needed.
• Once dry, fluff cushions and replace covers. If any spots remain, repeat the spot-cleaning step as needed.

Special tips and caveats

• Always spot-test any cleaner on a hidden area before full application.
• If your couch is heavily stained, delicate, or the fabric code is X (vacuum only), avoid liquids and consider professional upholstery cleaning.
• Regular maintenance—vacuum every couple of weeks and treat spills promptly—extends the time between deep cleanings.

If you’d like, provide the fabric care code (W, S, WS, or X) and couch material (fabric type, leather, microfiber, etc.), and I can tailor the exact cleaner recommendations and proportions for your situation.