To drain a hot water heater, follow these expert steps to safely remove water and sediment buildup, which helps maintain efficiency and extend the heater's lifespan:
Step-by-Step Guide to Drain a Hot Water Heater
- Turn Off Power and Water Supply
- For a gas water heater, set the thermostat to "pilot" or turn off the gas supply valve near the heater.
- For an electric water heater, turn off the power at the circuit breaker.
- Turn off the cold-water supply valve to the water heater, usually located on the pipe entering the top of the tank
- Allow the Water to Cool
- Let the water in the tank cool for a couple of hours to avoid scalding. Use heavy gloves to protect yourself from hot water if needed
- Attach a Garden Hose
- Connect a garden hose to the drain valve located near the bottom of the tank.
- Run the hose to a suitable drainage location outside or into a large bucket, keeping in mind the water will be hot
- Open a Hot Water Faucet
- Open a hot water faucet inside your home to relieve pressure and prevent vacuum formation as the tank drains
- Open the Drain Valve
- Open the drain valve on the water heater to start draining the water through the hose.
- If draining into a bucket, you may need to turn the valve off and on repeatedly to empty the bucket
- Flush Out Sediment
- After the tank is mostly drained, briefly turn the cold-water supply back on to flush out remaining sediment through the drain valve.
- Repeat flushing until the water runs clear, indicating sediment removal
- Close the Drain Valve and Refill
- Close the drain valve tightly and remove the hose.
- Turn the cold-water supply back on to refill the tank.
- Keep the hot water faucet open until the water runs clear and no air is coming out, then close it
- Restore Power or Gas
- Once the tank is full, turn the gas back on and relight the pilot light if applicable, or restore power to an electric heater
- Test the System
- After the water heats up, test the pressure relief valve to ensure it is functioning properly
Additional Tips
- Performing this maintenance annually helps prevent sediment buildup, which can cause reduced hot water supply, higher energy bills, and noises from the heater
- If unsure or uncomfortable with the process, it is advisable to hire a professional plumber
This procedure is effective for both gas and electric tank-style water heaters and helps maintain optimal performance and longevity
