To make a blast furnace in Minecraft, you need the following materials:

• 5 iron ingots
• 3 smooth stone blocks
• 1 furnace

Steps to craft a blast furnace:

1. Get smooth stone: First, smelt regular stone blocks in a furnace to get smooth stone. (Stone is obtained by smelting cobblestone.)
2. Craft a furnace: Use 8 cobblestones to craft a furnace.
3. Open the crafting table: Place the furnace in the center slot of the 3x3 crafting grid.
4. Place smooth stone: Put the 3 smooth stone blocks in the bottom row beneath the furnace.
5. Add iron ingots: Surround the furnace and smooth stone with 5 iron ingots in the remaining slots.

This arrangement will craft one blast furnace

Additional info:

• The blast furnace smelts ores and metal items twice as fast as a regular furnace but uses fuel at the same rate.
• It only works on ores, iron/gold tools and armor, and chainmail items—not food or other materials.
• The blast furnace also serves as the job site block for the Armorer villager in villages

This method is the standard way to create a blast furnace in Minecraft.