Cold sores usually heal on their own in about 1–2 weeks, but there are steps that can help them go away faster and reduce pain. Here’s a concise, practical guide. What to do now

• Start treatment at the first sign of tingling or itching. Early action can shorten the outbreak.
• Use an over-the-counter antiviral ointment (for example, a product containing docosanol) as directed on the package. Apply several times a day to the affected area.
• Apply a cold compress or ice wrapped in a cloth for several minutes at a time, a few times daily to reduce swelling and numb pain.
• Keep the area clean and dry to prevent irritation. Avoid picking at crusts.

Pain relief and soothing care

• Take pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen as directed to reduce pain and fever if present.
• You can apply a light layer of petroleum jelly to protect the sore and prevent cracking, especially if it’s painful or cracked.
• Avoid acidic or spicy foods that might irritate the sore, and try not to lick or rub the area, which can worsen irritation.

Prescription options (talk to a healthcare provider)

• If outbreaks are frequent or severe, a clinician may prescribe antiviral pills (e.g., acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir) or a topical antiviral cream. When started early, these can shorten healing time and duration.
• Some people benefit from daily suppressive antiviral therapy to reduce the frequency of outbreaks.

Home and lifestyle tips

• Manage stress, get adequate sleep, and maintain a healthy diet; immune health can influence outbreak frequency.
• If you wear makeup, avoid applying it on the sore and ensure any lip products are clean and used sparingly.

When to seek medical attention

• If the cold sore doesn’t improve after 2–3 weeks, if you have an accompanying fever, severe pain, spreading redness, or if you have a weakened immune system (e.g., diabetes, HIV, or on immunosuppressive therapy), contact a healthcare provider.
• If you have frequent or unusually severe outbreaks, a clinician can discuss long-term management options.

Note on precautions

• Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus and can be contagious, especially when blisters are open. Avoid kissing or sharing utensils, lip balms, or personal items during an outbreak.

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