To make a Potion of Weakness in Minecraft, follow these steps:

1. Gather materials:
   • Glass bottles filled with water (Water Bottles).
   • A brewing stand.
   • Blaze powder (to fuel the brewing stand).
   • A fermented spider eye (crafted from one spider eye, one brown mushroom, and one sugar).
2. Brewing the Potion of Weakness:
   • Place blaze powder in the brewing stand's fuel slot.
   • Put up to three water bottles in the bottom slots of the brewing stand.
   • Add the fermented spider eye to the top slot and wait for the brewing process to complete.
   • This will produce three Potions of Weakness directly from water bottles, without needing to brew an awkward potion first

3. Optional modifications:
   • To make the potion last longer (4 minutes instead of 1:30), add redstone dust to the Potion of Weakness in the brewing stand.
   • To create a Splash Potion of Weakness (throwable), add gunpowder to the Potion of Weakness.
   • To make a Lingering Potion of Weakness, add dragon's breath to the splash potion

The Potion of Weakness reduces melee attack damage by 4 and is notably used to cure zombie villagers when combined with a golden apple

. In summary, the simplest recipe is:

• Water Bottle + Fermented Spider Eye → Potion of Weakness

Then optionally:

• Potion of Weakness + Gunpowder → Splash Potion of Weakness
• Potion of Weakness + Redstone Dust → Extended Duration Potion of Weakness