To tell if gold is real, you can use several reliable methods ranging from simple at-home tests to more precise chemical tests:

Visual and Physical Checks

• Look for Hallmarks and Stamps: Genuine gold jewelry usually has a hallmark indicating its purity, such as "10K," "14K," "18K," or "24K." However, stamps can be faked, so this is a good initial check but not definitive

• Check Color and Wear: Real gold has a consistent, rich color that doesn't fade or tarnish. If you see discoloration or patches revealing another metal underneath, it’s likely gold-plated or fake

• Weight and Size: Gold is very dense. For gold coins or bullion, checking the exact weight and size against official specifications can reveal fakes, which tend to be lighter or oddly sized

Simple At-Home Tests

• Magnet Test: Gold is not magnetic. If a strong magnet attracts your gold piece, it’s likely fake or contains other metals. Note that some non-magnetic metals can also be used in fakes, so this test alone isn’t foolproof

• Water Test: Drop the gold piece in water. Real gold is dense and will sink immediately, while fake or gold-plated items may float or hover

• Scratch Test on Ceramic: Rub the gold gently on an unglazed ceramic plate. Real gold leaves a golden streak; fake gold leaves a black or gray streak. This test can damage the piece, so use cautiously

• Bite Test: Real 24K gold is soft and will show slight teeth marks if bitten. This is not recommended due to hygiene and potential damage

Chemical Tests

• Nitric Acid Test: Apply a drop of nitric acid to a small scratch on the gold. Real gold will remain unchanged, while fake gold or lower karat gold will react, turning green or milky due to base metals reacting with the acid. Acid test kits for different karats are available for purchase

Professional Tests

• Electronic and XRF Testing: Jewelers and gold exchanges can perform electronic tests or X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis for precise purity measurement

Summary

• Start by inspecting for hallmarks and consistent color.
• Use the magnet, water, and scratch tests for quick at-home checks.
• For more certainty, perform a nitric acid test carefully or seek professional testing.
• Beware of gold-plated items marked with acronyms like GP, GF, or GEP, which indicate fake or low-purity gold

These combined approaches will help you confidently determine if your gold is real.