The topic appears to be carbon monoxide poisoning (intoxication au monoxyde de carbone, CO). Here’s a concise, expert overview. What it is

• Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels. Inhalation can rapidly impair oxygen delivery to tissues, leading to serious illness or death if not treated promptly.

Common sources

• Household furnaces, boilers, generators, portable heaters, charcoal grills, motor vehicle exhaust in enclosed spaces, and improperly ventilated appliances. Risk is higher in sleeping or intoxicated individuals who may not notice symptoms.

Symptoms and signs

• Early: headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, confusion. As exposure worsens, someone may lose consciousness or seize. The classic “cherry red” skin is not a reliable sign.

• In severe cases: rapid deterioration with loss of consciousness, seizures, coma, arrhythmias, and death.

Diagnosis

• Suspect CO poisoning with compatible symptoms and exposure history. Diagnosis is confirmed by measuring carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in blood; higher levels correlate with illness severity. Some guidelines use thresholds like >10% COHb (smokers may have higher baseline) but clinical context matters. Arterial blood gas can show tissue hypoxia.

Initial management

• Immediate removal from exposure to fresh air.
• Administer 100% oxygen as quickly as possible to accelerate CO clearance. In facilities with hyperbaric oxygen capability and certain clinical criteria (e.g., COHb >25% or neuro or pregnancy complications), hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be considered.

Prevention and public health

• Install and maintain CO detectors in homes and workplaces.
• Ensure proper ventilation and correct use of fuel-burning devices; regular maintenance of furnaces, stoves, and water heaters. Education on recognizing symptoms and seeking timely care is essential.

Key takeaways

• CO poisoning is a medical emergency. Quick removal from exposure and high-flow oxygen are critical. Recognize early, especially in vulnerable groups, and prevent exposure with detectors and device maintenance.

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