The ozone hole above Antarctica still exists in 2025 and continues to form each year during the Southern Hemisphere's spring. Currently, in September 2025, the ozone hole is growing and covers about 20 million square kilometers, which is larger than the average size. However, scientific observations confirm it is gradually healing due to global efforts to reduce ozone- depleting substances. The hole's size fluctuates annually, but overall it is shrinking compared to the large holes observed in the 1980s and 1990s. Full recovery of the ozone layer is expected around the middle of this century, possibly by 2066, thanks to the success of international agreements like the Montreal Protocol that phased out many harmful chemicals responsible for ozone depletion.
Current Ozone Hole Status in 2025
- The hole is still present and larger than average, about 20 million square kilometers in early September 2025.
- It forms annually during the Antarctic spring and closes somewhat in summer.
- Ozone levels vary from around 160 to 460 Dobson Units over the continent.
- The polar vortex and polar stratospheric clouds influence the hole's size and ozone depletion.
Why the Hole Is Shrinking
- Global bans on chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting substances have led to gradual healing.
- These substances have long atmospheric lifetimes, so healing is slow but steady.
- Satellite data and scientific models show a clear recovery signal since the early 2000s.
- International cooperation under the Montreal Protocol has been key.
Expectations for Full Recovery
- Scientists project the ozone layer could recover to pre-1980 levels by around 2066.
- Some years might see the hole temporarily close completely as healing progresses.
- Continuous monitoring shows the ozone hole size getting smaller over decades.
In summary, there is still a hole in the ozone layer, but it is healing and expected to fully recover in the coming decades due to successful global environmental efforts.
