Kohl eyeliner is an ancient eye cosmetic traditionally used in the Middle East, Caucasus and North Africa, South Asia, West Africa, and the Horn of Africa to contour and/or darken the eyelids and as mascara for the eyelashes). Kohl is made from various materials, and the content of kohl and various ways to prepare it differ based on tradition and country). However, several studies have questioned the safety of kohl due to the dangers of lead poisoning, as kohl often contains high levels of lead).

Positive aspects of kohl include its ability to strengthen and thicken lashes, enhance natural beauty, and treat nonhereditary baldness through stimulating hair follicles. There are also artisanal companies that formulate their own organic and natural cosmetics, such as Saffron & Rose, which has developed a modern-day kohl that is totally derived from natural sources.

Negative aspects of kohl include the potential for lead poisoning, which can cause serious health problems). Kohl can also cause eye irritation and infections).

Ingredients or materials used in kohl vary based on tradition and country. Some kohl products contain natural materials, while others contain toxic elements such as lead). It is important to be cautious when using kohl and to purchase products from reputable sources.