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• Lumbago is a broad term for acute or sudden lower back pain, usually localized to the lumbar region. It is often described as a sharp, shooting, or burning pain that can be accompanied by muscle spasm and stiffness. The exact cause is frequently related to overuse, strain, or minor injuries to the muscles, ligaments, or intervertebral structures, though it can also reflect underlying degenerative changes in the spine. [Lumbago is commonly understood as acute lower back pain often linked to strain or overuse and may involve surrounding muscles and ligaments.](javascript:void(0))
• It is distinct from sciatica (rwy kulszowej), which involves nerve root irritation and typically presents with radiating leg pain, sometimes along with numbness or weakness in the leg. Lumbago can coexist with sciatica but they are not synonymous. [Lumbago and sciatica are related but different conditions; sciatica involves nerve root symptoms while lumbago refers to back pain itself.](javascript:void(0))
• Common symptoms of lumbago include localized lower back pain, muscle tightness, reduced range of motion, and pain that worsens with bending, lifting, or prolonged sitting. Some cases may present with mild swelling or tenderness in the lumbar region. [Localized back pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility are typical.](javascript:void(0))
• Management typically emphasizes conservative approaches:
  • Rest briefly, followed by gradual return to activity and gentle stretching or a guided exercise program.
  • Over-the-counter analgesics or anti-inflammatory medications as advised by a clinician.
  • Heat or cold therapy, physical therapy, and manual therapies as recommended.
  • Education on posture, ergonomic adjustments, and body mechanics to prevent recurrence.
  • Red flags that warrant medical evaluation include severe or progressive weakness, bladder or bowel dysfunction, fever, or pain following trauma, which may indicate more serious conditions. [Early self-management and gradual activity are common recommendations, with medical evaluation if red flags appear.](javascript:void(0))

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