Plant cells and animal cells differ in several key ways:

1. Cell Wall: Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose that surrounds the plasma membrane, providing structural support and fixed, rectangular shape. Animal cells lack a cell wall and have only a flexible cell membrane, so they are generally round or irregular in shape.
2. Size and Shape: Plant cells are generally larger and mostly rectangular, while animal cells tend to be smaller and round or oval.
3. Chloroplasts: Plant cells contain chloroplasts with chlorophyll for photosynthesis, allowing them to make their own food. Animal cells lack chloroplasts and obtain energy by consuming organic material.
4. Vacuoles: Plant cells have a large central vacuole that can occupy up to 90% of the cell volume, storing water, nutrients, and waste. Animal cells have smaller, scattered vacuoles and sometimes many of them.
5. Lysosomes: Animal cells contain lysosomes for digestion and waste removal. Plant cells rarely have lysosomes; the central vacuole performs similar functions.
6. Centrosomes and Centrioles: Animal cells have centrosomes with centrioles that assist in cell division, while these are absent in plant cells.
7. Storage Material: Plant cells store energy as starch, while animal cells store it as glycogen.
8. Golgi Apparatus: In plant cells, the Golgi apparatus (called dictyosomes) is diffused throughout the cell, whereas in animal cells it is well developed and located near the nucleus.

In summary, plant cells have structures for photosynthesis and rigid support that animal cells lack, while animal cells have specialized organelles like lysosomes and centrioles not found in plant cells.