The most dangerous surgeries include complex and high-risk procedures such as heart transplant, open aortic surgery, craniectomy (brain surgery), open-heart surgery, and certain cancer surgeries. These surgeries carry high risks of complications like infection, bleeding, organ failure, rejection (in transplants), strokes, and even death.

Dangerous Heart Surgeries

• Heart transplant has the highest risk due to organ rejection, infections, and surgical complexity.
• Open aortic surgery and redo cardiac surgeries are dangerous because of the critical nature of the aorta and heart access challenges.
• LVAD implantation carries risks of bleeding, infection, and clotting disorders.

Brain Surgeries

• Craniectomy and craniotomy are among the riskiest brain surgeries given risks of infection, seizures, hemorrhage, and neurological damage.
• These procedures involve removing part of the skull to relieve brain pressure or treat conditions like tumors and blood clots.

Cancer Surgeries

• Surgical removal of tumors, especially lung and breast cancer surgery, is dangerous due to bleeding, infection, and diminished organ function risks.

Emergency and Other High-Risk Surgeries

• Emergency surgeries, such as those involving major organs and abdominal exploration, have high complication and mortality rates.
• Cosmetic surgery like Brazilian Butt Lift has a high mortality rate due to fat embolism risks.

These surgeries require highly skilled surgical teams and careful post- operative care due to the significant risk factors involved.