The study of what it means to be a citizen is known as citizenship studies or citizenship education. It explores the rights, responsibilities, identity, and participation of individuals as members of political communities, typically within a nation-state.

Key Aspects of Citizenship Studies

• Definition of Citizenship : Citizenship is the status of being a full member of a political community, usually a sovereign state, with associated rights (such as voting, holding office) and duties (such as obeying laws, defending the country)

. It involves legal membership (nationality) as well as political and social participation.

• Conceptual Dimensions : Citizenship includes legal status, political engagement, and social identity. It has historically been linked to inclusion and exclusion, defining who belongs and who does not within a polity

• Theoretical Perspectives :
  • Liberal-individualist conception : Views citizens as autonomous individuals with rights and duties, focusing on protecting civil and political rights and economic interests.
  • Civic-republican conception : Emphasizes active participation in public life and government, seeing citizenship as a practice of civic virtue and public engagement

• Citizenship Education : This field develops knowledge, skills, and understanding necessary for individuals to participate actively and responsibly in democratic society. It covers democracy, human rights, justice, identities, diversity, media literacy, and practical engagement like campaigning and voting

• Contemporary Issues : Citizenship studies also address immigrant integration, political participation, and evolving forms of citizenship such as multiple citizenship and global or green citizenship

In summary, the study of citizenship examines what it means to belong to a political community, the rights and responsibilities that come with that membership, and how individuals engage in civic life both legally and practically. It is an interdisciplinary field combining political science, sociology, law, and education to understand and promote active, informed citizenship