Four behaviors that, in the right context, are most likely to give cause for concern related to prevention-particularly in safeguarding and early intervention contexts-include:

• Sudden changes in behavior : A marked and unexplained shift in how a person acts can signal underlying issues or risks, such as vulnerability to harmful influences or distress

• Isolation from family and friends : Beginning to withdraw socially or isolate oneself can increase vulnerability and be a warning sign for potential radicalization, abuse, or mental health problems

• Engagement with inappropriate or extremist content : Viewing or interacting with harmful online material or showing interest in extremist groups or ideologies is a key indicator of risk, especially in the context of radicalization prevention

• Expressing discriminatory or divisive views : Demonstrating prejudice against individuals or groups, or expressing ‘us versus them’ attitudes, can signal the development of concerning beliefs that may lead to harmful behaviors

These behaviors are particularly significant because they often precede or accompany more serious problems such as violence, abuse, or radicalization. Early identification and appropriate intervention can prevent escalation. In educational and community settings, staff are advised to be alert to these signs and respond proportionately, including making referrals under safeguarding or Prevent Duty frameworks where necessary

. Additional behaviors that may raise concern include expressing feelings of victimization, supporting violence, or showing interest in multiple extremist ideologies

. Prevention strategies emphasize context, early detection, and supportive responses to reduce risk and promote positive outcomes