Autoimmune disorders occur when the bodys immune system attacks and destroys healthy body tissue by mistake. Normally, the immune system creates proteins called antibodies that work to protect the body against harmful substances such as viruses, cancer cells, and toxins. However, with autoimmune disorders, the immune system cant tell the difference between invaders and healthy cells, leading to the destruction of normal tissues. There are more than 80 different autoimmune diseases that affect a wide range of body parts. Some of the most common autoimmune diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, lupus, and psoriasis.

Autoimmune disorders can affect one or more organ or tissue types, including blood vessels, connective tissues, endocrine glands such as the thyroid or pancreas, joints, muscles, red blood cells, and skin. Symptoms of autoimmune disorders can vary depending on the type of disease and the organs or tissues affected. Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain and swelling, skin problems, abdominal pain or digestive issues, recurring fever, and swollen glands.

The exact cause of autoimmune disorders is unknown, but researchers believe that some microorganisms (such as bacteria or viruses) or drugs may trigger changes that confuse the immune system. Genetics may also play a role in making some people more prone to autoimmune disorders. Treatment usually focuses on reducing immune system activity, and the outcome depends on the disease. Most autoimmune diseases are chronic, but many can be controlled with treatment. Symptoms of autoimmune disorders can come and go, and when symptoms get worse, it is called a flare-up[[3]](https://www.hopkinsmedici...