Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms that can cause disease in humans and are present in human blood. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) . Workers in many occupations, including healthcare personnel, first responders, and housekeeping personnel in some industries, may be at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

To control exposure to bloodborne pathogens, engineering controls are the primary means of eliminating or minimizing employee exposure. These controls include the use of safer medical devices, such as needleless devices, shielded needle devices, and plastic capillary tubes. Administrative and engineering controls are preferred methods of protecting healthcare workers, but using personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves is also a part of routine patient care.

It is important to know the ways exposure and transmission are most likely to occur in your particular situation, be it providing first aid to a student in the classroom, handling blood samples in the laboratory, or cleaning up blood from a hallway. Policies and procedures can help protect healthcare workers from bloodborne pathogens, including an exposure control plan, policies to reduce exposure risks, and protocols to follow when exposure occurs.

In summary, bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms that can cause disease in humans and are present in human blood. Workers in many occupations may be at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens, and it is important to take steps to control exposure and protect against infection.