Controls in an experiment are samples that are not affected by changes occurring from the independent variable. They are used to establish the validity of the experiment and to minimize the effects of variables other than the independent variable, which increases the reliability of the results. Controls are typically used in science experiments as a benchmark or a point of comparison against which other test results are measured.

To find the control in an experiment, you can look for the sample that was not subjected to treatment or changes from an independent variable. An example of a control in science would be cells that get no treatment in an experiment.

There are two main types of controls in experiments: negative and positive controls. Negative controls are samples that are not expected to produce a response, while positive controls are samples that are expected to produce a response. Both types of controls are used to eliminate alternate explanations of experimental results, especially experimental errors and experimenter bias.

Overall, controls are essential for the unbiased, objective observation and measurement of the dependent variable in response to the experimental setup. They allow scientists to test their hypotheses using controlled experiments, which are scientific tests done under controlled conditions, meaning that just one (or a few) factors are changed at a time, while all others are kept constant.