Functional mushrooms are types of fungi that are known for their health benefits beyond their nutritional compositions. They are often categorized into two main groups: medicinal mushrooms and adaptogenic mushrooms. Medicinal mushrooms are known for their immune-boosting properties, while adaptogenic mushrooms are known for their ability to help the body adapt to stress. Some common types of functional mushrooms include chaga, reishi, shiitake, lions mane, cordyceps, and turkey tail. These mushrooms can be incorporated into cooking, but they are also sold as dietary supplements or as an ingredient in conventional foods.

Each type of functional mushroom delivers varying combinations and concentrations of compounds that offer specific advantages. For example, chaga mushrooms are known for their prebiotic properties that inhibit the proliferation of endogenous pathogens in the gut, while shiitake mushrooms contain nutrients that are believed to help combat "bad" cholesterol and improve stamina.

It is important to note that improper use of functional mushrooms can lead to adverse side effects like nausea and insomnia. Therefore, it is recommended to discuss the use of these mushrooms with a medical professional before incorporating them into your diet or serving them to others.