Solid-state batteries are a type of battery that uses solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte, instead of the liquid or polymer gel electrolytes found in traditional lithium-ion or lithium polymer batteries. Solid-state batteries have several advantages over traditional batteries, including higher energy density, faster charging, and increased safety. The solid electrolyte in solid-state batteries makes them less susceptible to fires and explosions, and they can be fully charged more quickly than traditional batteries.

Solid-state batteries have been used in small electronic devices such as pacemakers and smartwatches, but mass-market production of the batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) has been slower to develop. However, several companies, including Samsung, Toyota, Ford, and Honda, have made breakthroughs in solid-state battery technology and are working to bring them to market.

Solid-state batteries use thin layers of solid electrolytes that carry lithium ions between electrodes, while traditional lithium-ion batteries use liquid electrolytes. Solid-state batteries have higher energy density than traditional batteries, which means they can hold more energy per unit area and potentially speed up the transition to EVs by addressing consumer concerns about range.

Despite their potential advantages, solid-state batteries face several challenges, including poor stability and high surface resistance. However, research and development efforts by various institutions and companies are addressing these challenges.

In summary, solid-state batteries are a promising technology that could revolutionize the battery industry by offering higher energy density, faster charging, and increased safety. While mass-market production for EVs has been slower to develop, several companies are working to bring solid-state batteries to market.