Here’s a broad, inclusive list of electricity sources, including both common and niche options from various regions and technologies. If you’d like, I can tailor this list to a specific country or context.

• Fossil fuels
  • Coal
  • Natural gas
  • Oil
  • Peat (in some regions)
  • Gasified coal or syngas in some plants
• Nuclear
  • Uranium-fueled light-water reactors
  • Fast-neutron reactors (breeder concepts in research/several countries)
  • Small modular reactors (SMRs) in development or early deployment
• Renewable energy
  • Solar
    • Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels
    • Concentrating solar power (CSP)
  • Wind
    • Onshore wind turbines
    • Offshore wind turbines
  • Hydropower
    • Large hydroelectric dams
    • Run-of-river hydro
    • Pumped-storage hydroelectricity
  • Biomass
    • Direct combustion of biomass
    • Biogas from anaerobic digestion
    • Biomass power plants using wood, agricultural waste, or dedicated energy crops
  • Geothermal
    • Hydrothermal or enhanced geothermal systems (EGS)
  • Ocean/Marine
    • Tidal power
    • Wave energy
    • Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)
• Alternative and emerging technologies
  • Waste-to-energy plants
  • Hydrogen generation with surplus electricity (power-to-hydrogen, potentially reconverted later)
  • Hydrogen-capable fuel cells (as a generation or backup option in some microgrids)
  • Synthetic fuels or biofuels used in turbine-based generation
• Other and specialized sources
  • Small-scale generators (diesel, gasoline, or propane) for backup or off-grid needs
  • Battery storage systems (as energy storage rather than a primary generation source, but enabling generation from intermittent sources)
  • Combined heat and power (CHP) or cogeneration facilities that produce electricity and useful heat from the same energy source (often natural gas or biomass)

Notes and context

• In most large-scale grids, electricity is produced by converting primary energy sources (fossil fuels, nuclear, renewables) into electrical energy and transporting it through transmission and distribution networks.
• The relative share of each source varies dramatically by country, regulatory environment, resource availability, and policy goals (e.g., decarbonization efforts).
• Some regions rely more on a single dominant source (e.g., hydropower in certain countries, coal or gas in others), while others maintain a diversified mix.

If you want, I can pare this down to:

• The typical global mix as of recent years, with approximate shares
• A country-specific list (e.g., United States, Germany, India, China, or a smaller nation)
• A focus on technologies available for residential or microgrid-scale generation
• A timeline of how generation sources have shifted over the past decade and what might drive future changes