Testes, also known as testicles, are part of the male reproductive system and are responsible for producing sperm and hormones such as testosterone. They are located outside the body in a pouch of skin called the scrotum, which helps to regulate their temperature to ensure proper sperm production. Each testis is an oval structure about 5 cm long and 3 cm in diameter, surrounded by a tough, white fibrous connective tissue capsule called the tunica albuginea. The seminiferous tubules within the testes are responsible for spermatogenesis, which is the process of creating sperm. The sperm then move through the epididymis, vas deferens, and urethra before leaving the body in semen. If there are any changes in the size, shape, or texture of the testes, it is important to talk to a healthcare provider.