The 12 appropriations bills are a set of legislation that Congress must pass each year to appropriate federal funds to specific federal government departments, agencies, and programs). These bills provide budget authority to obligate and expend funds from the U.S. Treasury for specific purposes. The 12 appropriations subcommittees, six in the House and six in the Senate, are tasked with working on one of the 12 annual regular appropriations bills). Each subcommittee produces one bill each year, and the bills are as follows:

1. Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies
2. Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
3. Defense
4. Energy and Water Development, and Related Agencies
5. Financial Services and General Government
6. Homeland Security
7. Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies
8. Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies
9. Legislative Branch
10. Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies
11. State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs
12. Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies

The House and Senate Committees on Appropriations draft separate versions of the 12 appropriation bills for each fiscal year, and there are often funding differences that must be worked out between the two bodies before the bills can be brought to the President for approval.