There are several barriers to communication that can hinder both professional and personal relationships. The following are the seven most common barriers to effective communication:

1. Physical barriers: These include anything that keeps people apart physically, such as closed doors, walls, or distance.

2. Perceptual barriers: These are communication barriers that exist in peoples minds based on how they perceive the world around them. They can be caused by cognitive biases or unique biases based on previous experience and the influence of others.

3. Emotional barriers: These are barriers that arise from emotions such as fear, anger, or mistrust, which can prevent effective communication.

4. Cultural barriers: Different cultures can hinder communication if two different cultures clash. In these cases, it is important to find a common ground to work from.

5. Language barriers: These are caused by improper communication between the sender and the receiver, and can be witnessed in communication when there is a lack of understanding due to language differences.

6. Gender barriers: These are barriers that arise from gender differences, such as different communication styles or expectations.

7. Interpersonal barriers: These are patterns of behavior that prevent effective communication, or that prevent people from communicating with each other. They can be caused by poor self-image, deeply rooted prejudices, or other factors.

Identifying these barriers is an essential communication skill that helps with management, networking, sales, and generally being able to influence people. It is as valuable to written communication as it is to verbal. Overcoming these barriers requires understanding and practice, but it can lead to more effective communication and better relationships.