Badlands are a type of dry terrain where softer sedimentary rocks and clay-rich soils have been extensively eroded. They are characterized by steep slopes, minimal vegetation, and lack of a substantial water source. Badlands arise from a combination of an impermeable but easily eroded ground surface, sparse vegetation, and infrequent but heavy rainfall. The surface bedrock is typically mudrock, sometimes with evaporites, with only occasional beds of more resistant sandstone. Infrequent heavy rains lead to heavy erosional dissection.

The Badlands National Park in South Dakota is a popular example of badlands. Its dramatic landscapes span layered rock formations, steep canyons, and towering spires. Bison, bighorn sheep, and prairie dogs inhabit its sprawling grasslands. The Badlands Loop Road (Highway 240) winds past scenic lookouts. Several trails begin near the Ben Reifel Visitor Center. The Fossil Exhibit Trail is a boardwalk with displays on fossils uncovered in the park.

The term "badlands" simply describes a particular type of geologic formation that can be found all over the world. They occur on every continent except Antarctica.