The fundamental building blocks of matter are atoms. Atoms are extremely small particles that make up everything around us, from solids to gases

. Each atom consists of three main subatomic particles:

• Protons : Positively charged particles located in the nucleus (center) of the atom.
• Neutrons : Neutral particles, also found in the nucleus.
• Electrons : Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in electron shells or clouds

Atoms can bond together to form molecules, which are the smallest units of a substance that retain its properties

. Going deeper, protons and neutrons themselves are made of even smaller particles called quarks , which are currently considered fundamental and indivisible

. Electrons are also fundamental particles but are not made up of smaller components. In summary, the building blocks of matter are:

• Atoms (made of protons, neutrons, and electrons)
• Protons and neutrons (made of quarks)
• Electrons (fundamental particles)

This hierarchical structure explains the composition of all ordinary matter in the universe, from everyday objects to stars and planets